I must admit that when I first read that I would be creating an action research plan I went into a momentary state of paralysis. The first thought that entered my head was, "Oh no, I'm going to have to do extensive research on some topic that I don't really have an interest in and then regurgitate the information I learned...". This was of course due to my experience with traditional research in the past. Once I began to read about what action research actually is, I miraculously zapped out of my paralysis and began to think of all of the possibilities this had in store.
To put it simply, action research is a way for educators to address the needs of their district, school, or students in an inquiry based way. There are four cyclical steps to action research:
Step 1: Identify the problem
In order to identify the problem the educator must have a genuine interest and sense of inquiry on the topic. When generating questions it's important to generate questions that are not too broad or vague.
Step 2: Review the Literature
This is where the "research" part comes into play. Once an area of concern has been identified, the educator must sift through the professional literature that is available on the topic.
Step 3: Take Action!
Naturally, this is where the "action" part takes place. After reading, analyzing, and reflecting on the research the educator is ready to take action. In this phase, a plan of action is developed and put into play.
Step 4: Use and Share Results
All of the other steps are critical in conducting effective action research, but this last step might be one of the most crucial. As educators we have to be able to analyze the data and to reflect on the results in order to know if the action taken was successful or not. One of the hardest things for us to do as human beings is share the results because we are afraid of not being as successful as others. However, as educators, we have to put these fears aside and be open to learn from those who surround us.
How Can I Use It?
Now that I have a better understanding of what action research is, I can clearly see the benefits and how I can put it to use. One of the greatest concerns at my school is the decline in reading achievement over the past three years. I am interested in finding out why this has happened and how it can be improved. Is it a decline in quality instruction? Lack of leadership? A change in school climate? Not enough intervention programs? Too many programs and demands put on teachers? A change in the community?
Obviously I am still in the process of narrowing down my action research project. However, one way I think I can use it is to find out if a new reading intervention program that our district has has started for 3rd grade bilingual students is effective at our school. If the English component is effective, I wonder how it can be used with all struggling students. I also wonder how the results will differ throughout the district. If the results do vary greatly, I wonder what factors create those differences.